https://doi.org/10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-01020-2
Research - Condensed Matter
Quantum correlations of the photon fields in a waveguide quantum electrodynamics
Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk, Russia
a
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Received:
3
May
2025
Accepted:
1
August
2025
Published online:
14
August
2025
We present a time-dependent quantum calculations of the first-order and second-order photon correlation functions for the scattering of a single-photon pulse on a two-level atom (qubit) embedded in a one-dimensional open waveguide. Within Markov approximation we find the analytic expression for the quantum operator of positive frequency electric field. We restricted Hilbert space of initial states by the states with one and two excitations and show that the photon probability amplitudes are given by the off-diagonal matrix elements of the electric field operator between these states. For two-excitation initial state where the atom is excited and there exists a single photon in a waveguide we calculate the second-order correlation function which describes the measurements by two detectors at two different space-time points. The second-order correlation function exhibits the interference term showing that the measurements of two detectors are correlated. This interference is similar to that found in the Hanbury Brown and Twiss correlation experiment with two indistinguishable photons.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to EDP Sciences, SIF and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
