https://doi.org/10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-01053-7
Topical Review - Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
Sociophysics models inspired by the Ising model
1
Department of Operations Research and Business Intelligence, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Stanislawa Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370, Wrocław, Poland
2
Department of Physics, University of Calcutta, 92 APC Road, 700009, Kolkata, India
a
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Received:
14
July
2025
Accepted:
16
September
2025
Published online:
30
September
2025
Abstract
The Ising model, originally developed for understanding magnetic phase transitions, has become a cornerstone in the study of collective phenomena across diverse disciplines. In this review, we explore how Ising and Ising-like models have been successfully adapted to sociophysical systems, where binary-state agents mimic human decisions or opinions. By focusing on key areas such as opinion dynamics, financial markets, social segregation, game theory, language evolution, and epidemic spreading, we demonstrate how the models describing these phenomena, inspired by the Ising model, capture essential features of collective behavior, including phase transitions, consensus formation, criticality, and metastability. In particular, we emphasize the role of the dynamical rules of evolution in the different models that often converge back to Ising-like universality. We end by outlining the future directions in sociophysics research, highlighting the continued relevance of the Ising model in the analysis of complex social systems.
© The Author(s) 2025
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