Eur. Phys. J. B 54, 267-273 (2006)
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjb/e2006-00449-5

The effects of reaction delay in the Nagel-Schreckenberg traffic flow model

¹ School of Engineering Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P.R. China
² School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, P.R. China
³ Institute of Information Sciences and Technology, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North, New Zealand

Corresponding author: ^a rjiang@ustc.edu.cn

Received: 27 August 2006
Published online: 22 December 2006

Abstract

This paper studies a new model, which considers the effects of drivers reaction delay in the Nagel-Schreckenberg model. We studied the traffic flow properties in the new model under both periodic and open boundary conditions. The fundamental diagram, spatio-temporal patterns, density-density correlation functions, relaxation time, and distance headway distribution are investigated. Several interesting results are reported, for example, (i) the jam becomes less condensed when the delay effect is considered; (ii) the distance headway of the new model exhibits a multi-peak distribution when randomization p is small; (iii) for large p, the distribution of distance headway follows a power law in the new model; (iv) under open boundary conditions, the existence of a stationary jam near the left boundary will lower the flow rate.