Eur. Phys. J. B 67, 301-318 (2009)
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjb/e2009-00001-3

Nonlinear voter models: the transition from invasion to coexistence

¹ Chair of Systems Design, ETH Zurich, Kreuzplatz 5, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
² Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, 208 016, India

Corresponding author: ^a fschweitzer@ethz.ch

Received: 24 August 2008
Revised: 8 December 2008
Published online: 13 January 2009

Abstract

In nonlinear voter models the transitions between two states depend in a nonlinear manner on the frequencies of these states in the neighborhood. We investigate the role of these nonlinearities on the global outcome of the dynamics for a homogeneous network where each node is connected to m = 4 neighbors. The paper unfolds in two directions. We first develop a general stochastic framework for frequency dependent processes from which we derive the macroscopic dynamics for key variables, such as global frequencies and correlations. Explicit expressions for both the mean-field limit and the pair approximation are obtained. We then apply these equations to determine a phase diagram in the parameter space that distinguishes between different dynamic regimes. The pair approximation allows us to identify three regimes for nonlinear voter models: (i) complete invasion; (ii) random coexistence; and – most interestingly – (iii) correlated coexistence. These findings are contrasted with predictions from the mean-field phase diagram and are confirmed by extensive computer simulations of the microscopic dynamics.