https://doi.org/10.1140/epjb/s10051-022-00300-5
Regular Article - Solid State and Materials
The voltage–current characteristics of superconductors under magnetic field
1
Division of Physics, Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Thuyloi University, 175 Tay Son, Dong Da, Hanoi, Vietnam
2
Faculty of Physics, Hanoi National University of Education, 136 Xuan Thuy, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
Received:
7
November
2021
Accepted:
16
February
2022
Published online:
1
March
2022
A nonlinear theory of the electronic transport in superconductors under magnetic field in the framework of the three-dimensional Ginzburg–Landau model with thermal fluctuation is investigated. We assume that the thermal fluctuations are strong enough to melt the Abrikosov vortex lattice created by the magnetic field into a moving vortex liquid. On one hand, vortex crystal is effectively destroyed by thermal fluctuations and, on the other hand, disorder (significantly “weakened” by thermal fluctuations) is not strong enough to significantly affect the transport. We use self-consistent Gaussian approximation to treat the nonlinear interaction term in dynamics and include all Landau levels to treat arbitrary magnetic fields. The voltage–current curve is calculated for arbitrary magnetic field and temperature. Our results are compared to experimental data on tungsten (W) strip. The comparison is good for temperature above 
, where vortex liquid phase occurs. We find that the voltage–current dependence acquires an S-shape form leading to switching instabilities for temperature below 
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to EDP Sciences, SIF and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2022
