https://doi.org/10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00814-0
Regular Article - Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
Multistability in a predator–prey model with generalist predator and strong Allee effect in prey
Department of Basic Science and Humanities, Indian Institute of Information Technology, 813210, Bhagalpur, India
a
subarna.math.2103012@iiitbh.ac.in
Received:
6
August
2024
Accepted:
23
October
2024
Published online:
14
November
2024
In this study, we analyze a generalist predator–prey model that includes a strong Allee effect in the prey population. We investigate the positivity and boundedness of solutions, identify ecologically relevant equilibrium points, and determine their stability conditions. Further, we analyze the transcritical, saddle-node, Hopf, Bogdanov-Takens, generalized-Hopf, and cusp bifurcations. Our numerical investigation shows that the model exhibits multiple stable states under similar parametric conditions, driven by bifurcation scenarios linked to the Allee effect. It also underscores the significant role of additional foods for predators in shaping system dynamics, unveiling scenarios ranging from the extinction of predators to their persistence, and the coexistence of both the species. Furthermore, our study delves into the impact of environmental white noise on predator–prey dynamics, introducing stochastic elements. We explore noise-induced transitions between two stable states within the system. Overall, our study highlights the complex dynamics of predator–prey interactions, emphasizing the role of Allee effect and additional food sources.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to EDP Sciences, SIF and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
