https://doi.org/10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-00907-4
Regular Article - Solid State and Materials
New positive mixed alkali effect in V2O5.nH2O nanocrystalline films
1
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Girls Branch, Al-Azhar University, 11884, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
2
Department of General Science–Physics Division, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, P.O. Box No. 906, 21418, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
3
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Boys Branch, Al-Azhar University, 11884, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
Received:
22
October
2024
Accepted:
19
March
2025
Published online:
17
April
2025
V2O5·nH2O nanocrystalline films intercalated with Li+ and Na+ ions were prepared using the sol–gel technique. The compositions of LixNa1-xV2O5·nH2O were varied with 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 mol% to investigate the mixed alkali effect on structural properties, such as density and X-ray diffraction (XRD), as well as DC electrical conductivity and thermoelectric power. XRD analysis revealed that the LixNa1-xV2O5·nH2O films consist of highly oriented nanocrystals. Structural analysis showed that the intercalation of alkali ions did not significantly alter the structure, while the crystallite size and interlayer spacing exhibited a nonlinear dependence on Li content. Density calculations revealed a linear dependence on composition. The variation of DC conductivity showed a maximum conductivity (σdc) and minimum activation energy (Wdc) at x = 0.5 mol%, which can be attributed to the mixed alkali effect resulting from the mixing of two alkali oxides. The thermoelectric power (S) and power factor (PF) exhibited nonlinear behavior due to the mixed alkali effect.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to EDP Sciences, SIF and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
