Eur. Phys. J. B (2021) 94: 148
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjb/s10051-021-00118-7

Regular Article - Statistical and Nonlinear Physics

Separated interactive behaviors promote cooperation in the spatial prisoner’s dilemma game

¹ School of Cybersecurity, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710072, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
² Center for OPTical IMagery Analysis and Learning (OPTIMAL), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710072, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
³ Xi’an Aeronautical Polytechnic Institute, 710072, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
⁴ School of Statistics and Mathematics, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, 650221, Kunming, Yunnan, China

^b lixiaoyu@nwpu.edu.cn
^e chuchenynufe@hotmail.com

Received: 18 April 2021
Accepted: 7 May 2021
Published online: 21 July 2021

Abstract

Interactive diversity and interactive identity are two common behavioral patterns. Interactive identity, where each individual takes identity behavior to all its neighbors, and interactive diversity, where each individual takes diversity behaviors to its different neighbors. However, most previous researches mainly focused on study these two behaviors separately. So how the cooperation dynamics will perform when two behaviors are mixed in population still needs a reasonable explanation. In this paper, we study the cooperation evolution process when players take interactive diversity and identity are mixed in population. This model is applied for prisoner dilemma game on square lattice. When studying mixed population including both interactive in various proportions we find out the damage of cooperation. On the contrary, when player taking interactive diversity or players taking interactive identity exist alone in the population cooperation will be improved. To figure out the internal dynamic, we plot different kinds of strategy pair evolution process and the distribution of strategy and player when different proportion. The results of our study reveal that for only players taking interactive diversity or identity, defectors form distinct shape of clusters, while when two typed players are mixed distribute in network, defectors will form large and connected clusters, which is the crucial to maintain existence of defectors.