https://doi.org/10.1140/epjb/s10051-022-00406-w
Regular Article – Solid State and Materials
Sustaining Rabi oscillations by using a phase-tunable image drive
1
Institute for Advanced Simulation, Jülich Supercomputing Centre, Forschungszentrum Jülich Organization, 52425, Jülich, Germany
2
Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, 9747-AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
3
Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, 113-0033, Tokyo, Japan
4
Laboratoire de Spectroscopie pour les Interactions, la Réactivité et l’Environnement, CNRS, Université de Lille, LASIRE (UMR 8516), 59655, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
5
Institut Matériaux Microélectronique et Nanosciences de Provence, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, IM2NP (UMR 7334), 13397, Marseille, France
6
Department of Physics, The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 32310, Tallahassee, FL, USA
Received:
15
June
2022
Accepted:
16
August
2022
Published online:
24
September
2022
Recent electron spin resonance experiments on CaWO
:Gd
and other magnetic impurities have demonstrated that sustained Rabi oscillations can be created by driving a magnetic moment with a microwave field frequency slightly larger than the Larmor frequency and tuned to the Floquet resonance, together with another microwave field (image drive) with a frequency smaller than the Larmor frequency. These observations are confirmed by the new experimental results reported in this paper. We use numerical and analytical techniques to study the interplay between the microwave drives and three different mechanisms of relaxation. The first model describes a magnetic moment subject to microwave fields, interacting with a bath of two-level systems which acts as a source of decoherence and dissipation. The second model describes identical, interacting magnetic moments, subject to the same microwave fields. The decay of the Rabi oscillations is now due to the interactions. Third, we study Rabi oscillation decay due to the inhomogeneity of the microwave radiation. We show that under appropriate conditions, and in particular at the Floquet resonance, the magnetization exhibits sustained Rabi oscillations, in some cases with additional beatings. Although these two microscopic models separately describe the experimental data well, a simulation study that simultaneously accounts for both types of interactions is currently prohibitively costly. To gain further insight into the microscopic dynamics of these two different models, we study the time dependence of the bath and system energy and of the correlations of the spins, data that are not readily accessible experimentally.
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1140/epjb/s10051-022-00406-w.
© The Author(s) 2022
Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
