https://doi.org/10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00694-4
Regular Article - Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
Clown face in 3D chaotic system integrated with memristor electronics, DNA encryption and fractional calculus
1
Department of Physics, University of Karachi, 75270, Karachi, Pakistan
2
Department of Mathematics, University of Karachi, 75270, Karachi, Pakistan
Received:
9
September
2023
Accepted:
16
April
2024
Published online:
25
May
2024
This paper presents a three-dimensional sinusoidal forcing memristor-based chaotic model with one of its phase portrait trajectories visualized as a face or clown face. The developed novel chaotic model stability and its nature are analyzed using mathematical tools under the lights of Lyapunov exponents, maximal Lyapunov, Routh–Hurwitz criterion, and eigenvalues. The chaotic dynamics and richness of the pattern formation of novel coupled differential equations were numerically explored using different schemes, namely Caputo, Caputo–Fabrizio, and Atangana–Baleanu Caputo fractional derivatives. The electronic realization of the developed memristive-based model is presented with operational amplifiers and other passive electronic components, showing significant agreement with the numerical solution. The 3D system was chaotic, and its generated random numbers were tested with 0–1 chaos and NIST Suit tests. The randomness of the generated data is utilized to do DNA encryption as a method of encrypting data, with two dissimilar keys to scramble the image. The outcomes of the novel encryption method are demonstrated in three different ways (Pepper I, II, and III) and tested with standard image statistical tools.
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© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to EDP Sciences, SIF and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
